Coffee roasting at home opens a world of flavors and aromas that elevate your daily brew into a personalized experience. This practice, rooted in a rich history, allows enthusiasts to explore the art and science behind each roast, transforming raw green beans into vibrant, aromatic coffee. As you embark on this journey, you’ll discover not only the joy of crafting your own coffee but also the significant benefits it brings, from freshness to custom flavor profiles tailored to your palate.
Understanding the coffee roasting process is crucial for anyone interested in this rewarding hobby. By learning how to select the right equipment, choose quality green beans, and master the roasting technique, you can enjoy a level of control and creativity that commercial options cannot offer. Exciting and fulfilling, home coffee roasting invites you to engage with your coffee in a whole new way, promising a unique and satisfying experience with each cup you brew.
Introduction to Home Coffee Roasting
The art of coffee roasting has a rich history that spans centuries, beginning from the discovery of coffee in Ethiopia to its global popularity today. Coffee roasting transforms green coffee beans into the aromatic, flavorful beans that are essential for brewing an exceptional cup of coffee. This process not only enhances the coffee’s taste but also plays a crucial role in the cultural and social practices surrounding coffee consumption worldwide.Roasting coffee involves several stages, including drying, browning, and development.
Initially, the green beans are heated, allowing moisture to evaporate. As the beans continue to rise in temperature, they undergo chemical changes that produce various flavors and aromas. The final stage, known as the “first crack,” signals that the coffee beans are ready to be cooled down, marking the end of the roasting process. Depending on the desired roast level—light, medium, or dark—roasting times and temperatures will vary, affecting the final flavor profile.
Benefits of Roasting Coffee at Home
Roasting coffee at home provides several advantages that enhance both the experience and quality of coffee consumption. Engaging in this process allows for greater control over the final flavor profile, freshness, and overall quality of the coffee. The following points highlight the key benefits of home coffee roasting:
- Freshness: Roasted coffee begins to lose its optimal flavor within days of roasting. By roasting at home, coffee enthusiasts can enjoy their brew at peak freshness, often just hours after the beans have been roasted.
- Customization: Home roasters can experiment with different roast levels, blends, and flavor profiles tailored to their unique preferences. This customization allows for a more personalized coffee experience.
- Cost-Effectiveness: Green coffee beans are often less expensive than their roasted counterparts. By roasting at home, consumers can save money over time while enjoying high-quality coffee.
- Educational Experience: Roasting coffee at home encourages a deeper understanding of the coffee-making process, from bean selection to brewing techniques, fostering a greater appreciation for this beloved beverage.
- Environmental Impact: By reducing the need for pre-packaged roasted coffee, home roasting can lead to less waste and a smaller carbon footprint associated with packaging and transportation.
“Freshly roasted coffee not only provides a more flavorful experience but also opens the door to a world of unique tastes from different origins.”
The journey of home coffee roasting is one that combines craft, science, and personal preference, enriching the overall coffee experience.
Equipment Needed for Home Coffee Roasting
Home coffee roasting is an engaging and rewarding endeavor for coffee enthusiasts who wish to elevate their coffee experience. Selecting the right equipment is crucial for achieving desirable roasting results and enhancing the overall flavor profile of the beans. Understanding the various tools available will help beginners embark on their home roasting journey with confidence.
When starting out in home coffee roasting, it is essential to have the correct tools at your disposal. These tools can vary significantly in terms of functionality, cost, and user-friendliness. Below is a list of essential equipment needed for beginners, including various roasting appliances that can be considered.
Essential Tools and Equipment for Beginners
The following list provides an overview of key equipment that will aid in the home roasting process:
- Coffee Roaster: A dedicated coffee roaster is specifically designed for roasting coffee beans and provides the most consistent results.
- Popcorn Popper: A hot air popcorn popper is an affordable alternative that can effectively roast small batches of coffee beans.
- Stovetop Pan: A heavy skillet or pan can be used for manual roasting, allowing for greater control over the process.
- Digital Scale: Accurate measurement of coffee beans and roast time is essential for achieving desired flavor profiles.
- Thermometer: Monitoring the temperature during roasting ensures that beans reach the preferred roast level without burning.
- Cooling Tray: A tray or colander to cool roasted beans quickly after roasting is important to stop the cooking process.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Different Roasting Appliances
Understanding the advantages and disadvantages of various roasting appliances will enable beginners to choose the best option for their needs. The following Artikels some common appliances:
- Dedicated Coffee Roasters:
- Advantages: Consistent results, user-friendly, and often come with preset roasting profiles.
- Disadvantages: Higher cost compared to other methods, and may have limited batch sizes.
- Popcorn Poppers:
- Advantages: Low cost, easy to use, and can produce good flavor in small batches.
- Disadvantages: Requires careful monitoring, may not produce uniform roasts, and can burn beans if not watched closely.
- Stovetop Pans:
- Advantages: Provides great control over roasting, and is often inexpensive as it uses common kitchen tools.
- Disadvantages: Labor-intensive, requires constant attention, and can be difficult to achieve uniform results.
Comparison of Roasting Methods
Below is a comparison table that summarizes the various roasting methods based on cost, ease of use, and flavor outcomes:
| Roasting Method | Cost | Ease of Use | Flavor Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dedicated Coffee Roaster | High | Very Easy | Consistent Quality |
| Popcorn Popper | Low | Easy | Good Quality |
| Stovetop Pan | Low | Moderate | Variable Quality |
Each roasting method presents unique features that influence the overall coffee experience. By understanding the available options, beginners can make informed decisions that align with their preferences and roasting goals.
Selecting Green Coffee Beans
When embarking on the journey of home coffee roasting, selecting the right green coffee beans is a critical step that significantly influences the final flavor and quality of your brew. The beans you choose will not only impact taste but also the roasting process and your overall experience as a home roaster. Understanding the various factors at play can help you make an informed decision.Several factors should be considered when selecting green coffee beans.
These factors include the origin of the beans, their variety, processing method, and even the altitude at which they were grown. Each of these elements contributes to the unique flavor profile of the coffee, affecting acidity, sweetness, body, and more.
Importance of Bean Origin and Variety
The origin and variety of coffee beans are paramount in determining the flavor characteristics that one can expect. Coffee-growing regions around the world produce beans with distinct profiles due to variations in climate, soil, and cultivation methods. To illustrate this, consider the following points regarding bean origin and variety:
- Geographic Influence: Coffee beans from regions such as Ethiopia tend to exhibit bright acidity and floral notes, while those from Brazil are often characterized by a smooth, chocolatey flavor.
- Varietal Differences: Varietals like Arabica and Robusta each offer unique qualities; Arabica is known for its sweeter, more complex flavors, whereas Robusta tends to be stronger and more bitter.
- Processing Methods: The way beans are processed—whether washed, natural, or honeyed—can dramatically alter their flavor. For instance, natural processing might enhance fruity notes, while washed processing could highlight acidity.
- Altitude Impact: Higher altitudes generally produce beans with more acidity and nuanced flavors, making altitude an important consideration when selecting your beans.
When sourcing green coffee beans, it is essential to choose reputable suppliers who offer a variety of origins and styles. Below are some recommended sources for purchasing green coffee beans:
- Local Roastery: Many local coffee roasteries sell green beans directly to consumers and often provide valuable information about the beans’ origins and flavor profiles.
- Online Retailers: Websites such as Sweet Maria’s, Green Coffee Bean Co., and the Coffee Compass offer a wide array of green coffee beans from various origins, often with detailed tasting notes.
- Direct Trade Suppliers: Consider purchasing from suppliers who engage in direct trade with farmers, ensuring fair prices and high-quality beans. Examples include Direct Coffee Sourcing and Trade Coffee.
- Specialty Coffee Associations: Organizations like the Specialty Coffee Association provide resources and connections to reputable green coffee bean suppliers around the globe.
In summary, the selection of green coffee beans is a fundamental aspect of home coffee roasting that deserves careful consideration. By understanding the significance of bean origin, variety, and reputable sources, you can elevate your roasting experience and craft exceptional coffee at home.
The Coffee Roasting Process
The coffee roasting process is a transformative journey that takes green coffee beans to the aromatic and flavorful delights we enjoy in our daily brews. This intricate process involves a series of stages that unlock the unique characteristics of the beans, influenced by factors such as time and temperature. Understanding these steps will help you refine your roasting skills and produce the perfect cup of coffee tailored to your palate.The roasting process can be broken down into several key stages, each characterized by distinct changes in the beans.
As the beans are heated, they undergo both chemical and physical transformations, which develop the coffee’s flavor profile. Below are the primary stages involved in roasting coffee beans, along with specific temperature ranges for light, medium, and dark roasts.
Stages of the Coffee Roasting Process
The roasting process consists of the following stages:
1. Drying Stage
Temperature
160°F to 200°F (71°C to 93°C)
Duration
Approximately 4 to 8 minutes During this stage, the moisture content in the beans evaporates. The beans will begin to turn yellow, and you may hear a faint cracking sound known as the “first crack.”
2. Maillard Reaction
Temperature
200°F to 300°F (93°C to 149°C)
Duration
Approximately 4 to 6 minutes This stage is crucial for flavor development. The sugars and amino acids in the beans react, leading to the formation of complex flavors and aromas. The beans will take on a brown color, marking the transition toward roasting completion.
3. First Crack
Temperature
390°F to 410°F (199°C to 210°C)
Duration
Variable The first crack signals the start of light roast levels. The beans will expand and produce a loud cracking sound, indicating that they are releasing steam and gases. This is an essential point to monitor for light roast enthusiasts.
4. Development Stage
Temperature
410°F to 450°F (210°C to 232°C)
Duration
Approximately 3 to 5 minutes In this stage, the roast progresses. Adjustments can be made depending on desired roast levels. Following the first crack, the beans continue to darken as flavors intensify.
5. Second Crack
Temperature
450°F to 460°F (232°C to 238°C)
Duration
Variable Occurring at higher temperatures than the first crack, the second crack indicates the transition to dark roast. The beans will produce a softer, more subdued cracking sound.
6. Cooling Stage
Rapid cooling is essential to stop the roasting process.
Techniques
Use a colander or cooling tray to air-cool the beans, or toss them gently to dissipate heat.
This stage is critical for preserving the desired roast profile and preventing over-roasting.
Temperature Ranges for Roast Levels
Understanding the temperature ranges for different roast levels will help you tailor your roasting to personal preferences. Below is a summary of temperature ranges for light, medium, and dark roasts:
| Roast Level | Temperature Range (°F) | Visual Characteristics | Flavor Profile |
|---|---|---|---|
| Light Roast | Light Brown (Light City): 350°F – 400°F | Light brown color, no oils on the surface | Fruity and acidic flavors, pronounced origin notes |
| Medium Roast | Medium Brown (City): 400°F – 425°F | Medium brown color, slight sheen of oils | Balanced flavors, mild acidity, chocolatey notes |
| Dark Roast | Dark Brown (French): 425°F – 450°F | Dark brown to nearly black, shiny with oils | Bold and smoky flavors, lower acidity |
Monitoring Roast Development
Monitoring the roast development is key to achieving the desired flavor and aroma. It is essential to utilize both sight and sound as indicators throughout the roasting process.
Visual Indicators
Observe the color of the beans as they progress from green to yellow, then to different shades of brown.
Pay attention to the surface oils that develop, which can indicate the roast level.
Auditory Indicators
Listen for the first and second cracks, which are crucial markers in the roasting timeline.
The intensity and duration of these sounds can guide you in adjusting the roast profile.
By paying close attention to these indicators, you can enhance your roasting experience and ensure that you achieve the perfect roast tailored to your preferences.
Post-Roasting Techniques
Successfully roasting coffee beans is only part of the journey to a flavorful cup. Post-roasting techniques are crucial in preserving the quality and enhancing the taste of the coffee. This section delves into essential steps such as cooling and storing the roasted beans, as well as the significance of resting time, which can greatly influence the flavor profile of your coffee.
Cooling and Storing Roasted Coffee Beans
After roasting, it is vital to cool the beans quickly to prevent over-roasting and to preserve their flavor. Cooling can be accomplished using a variety of methods, including pouring the beans into a colander and shaking them to allow air circulation, or using a fan to hasten the cooling process. Proper cooling minimizes the residual heat and ensures that the beans reach the optimal temperature for storage.The method of storage significantly impacts the freshness of roasted coffee.
To maintain the best flavor, consider the following effective storage methods:
- Vacuum-Sealed Bags: These bags prevent oxygen exposure, which can lead to staleness.
- Airtight Containers: Containers made of glass, ceramic, or certain plastics that seal tightly can help preserve the coffee’s freshness.
- Opaque Containers: Light can degrade the quality of coffee, so using opaque containers keeps the contents protected from light exposure.
- Cool, Dry Place: Storing coffee in a place with a stable temperature and low humidity is essential for maintaining quality.
Importance of Resting Time
Resting time is an essential aspect of post-roasting that allows roasted coffee beans to degas. Freshly roasted beans release carbon dioxide, which can lead to off-flavors if brewed immediately. Allowing the beans to rest for a specific time can enhance their flavor profile and aroma. Typically, a resting period of 24 to 72 hours is recommended, with optimal results often found around the 5-day mark.
This period allows the flavors to stabilize, resulting in a more balanced cup of coffee.
“Resting coffee enhances the brewing experience by allowing the flavors to fully develop and harmonize.”
Recommended Storage Methods and Containers
For maximum freshness, utilizing the right storage methods is paramount. Below is a list of recommended storage practices and containers:
- Glass Jars with Tight Lids: Ideal for short-term storage, they allow visibility while keeping the beans airtight.
- Specialized Coffee Canisters: Designed to minimize oxygen exposure and often equipped with one-way valves to release gases.
- Mylar Bags: These provide an excellent barrier against light and oxygen and are often used for longer-term storage.
- Freezer Bags: For long-term storage, consider freezing coffee, although only raw or unground beans should ideally be frozen to maintain quality.
By integrating these post-roasting techniques into your home coffee roasting process, you can significantly enhance the quality and flavor of your coffee, ensuring a delightful brewing experience.
Experimenting with Roasting Profiles
Home coffee roasting offers a personal journey into the world of flavors, aromas, and sensations. One of the most exciting aspects of this journey is creating unique roasting profiles tailored to individual taste preferences. By experimenting with various roast levels, temperatures, and times, you not only enhance your coffee experience but also cultivate a deeper understanding of the beans you are working with.
This segment delves into how you can develop personalized roasting profiles and effectively document your findings to refine your skills.
Creating Personal Roasting Profiles
Developing your own roasting profile involves adjusting key factors such as time and temperature to unlock specific flavor notes in the coffee beans. Begin by identifying your preferred flavor characteristics, which might include sweetness, acidity, or body. To create a diverse range of profiles, consider the following methods:
- Start with a Base Profile: Use a standard roasting profile as a reference point. This may involve starting with a light roast and gradually adjusting roasting parameters to explore more developed flavors.
- Gradual Adjustments: Make small adjustments to roasting time and temperature, taking detailed notes on each change, as even minor variations can lead to significant differences in flavor.
- Taste Testing: After each roast, conduct taste tests to evaluate the flavor profile. This will help you understand how different roast levels affect the beans’ inherent characteristics.
Documenting and Evaluating Roasts
Keeping a detailed log of your roasting experiments is crucial for improving your skills over time. Using a structured approach will allow you to identify patterns and preferences in your roasting techniques. Consider the following documentation methods:
- Roast Log: Maintain a roast log that includes the date, batch size, bean variety, roasting time, temperature, and tasting notes. This serves as an invaluable reference for future roasting sessions.
- Tasting Notes: Document your impressions of each roast, focusing on flavor notes, acidity, body, and aftertaste. Use descriptive terminology to capture the nuances of each cup.
- Visual Indicators: Take photographs of each roast to visually compare color and development over time. This aids in understanding how appearance correlates with flavor.
Adjusting Roast Times and Temperatures
To achieve desired flavor notes, it is essential to master the art of adjusting roast times and temperatures. Each coffee variety responds differently to roasting, so experimentation is key. Here are some guidelines to consider:
- Light Roasts: Roast at lower temperatures (around 370°F to 400°F) for shorter durations to preserve acidity and bright flavors.
- Medium Roasts: Aim for a temperature range of 400°F to 425°F. This level balances sweetness and acidity, producing well-rounded flavors.
- Dark Roasts: Roast at higher temperatures (425°F to 450°F) for a longer duration to develop deeper, bolder flavors while reducing acidity.
“The art of coffee roasting is as nuanced as the beans themselves; every adjustment brings forth a new possibility.”
By embracing the creative process of developing your own roasting profiles, you can discover a world of flavors that cater specifically to your palate. This personal journey not only enhances your enjoyment of coffee but also enhances your skills as a home roaster. With diligent documentation and a keen understanding of roasting adjustments, you will cultivate a unique approach to coffee that reflects your individuality.
Brewing Techniques for Roasted Coffee
Brewing techniques play a vital role in bringing out the unique characteristics of home-roasted coffee. Understanding how different methods can highlight specific flavor notes allows coffee enthusiasts to enjoy the fruits of their labor to the fullest. Each brewing technique offers its own distinct set of advantages, enabling you to emphasize the diverse profiles present in freshly roasted beans.The grind size of coffee beans significantly impacts extraction and flavor.
Finer grinds increase surface area, resulting in a quicker extraction, which can lead to a more intense flavor. Conversely, coarser grinds slow down the extraction process, potentially highlighting subtler notes. Adjusting the grind size is essential when adapting brewing methods to achieve the desired taste profile in your cup.
Comparison of Brewing Methods for Freshly Roasted Beans
Understanding the various brewing methods and their compatibility with freshly roasted coffee is crucial for maximizing flavor expression. The following table Artikels key brewing techniques, their grind size recommendations, brewing time, and potential flavor profiles.
| Brew Method | Grind Size | Brewing Time | Flavor Profile |
|---|---|---|---|
| French Press | Coarse | 4-5 minutes | Rich, full-bodied with pronounced flavors |
| Pour-Over | Medium | 2-3 minutes | Crisp, clean, and complex flavors |
| Espresso | Fine | 25-30 seconds | Concentrated, bold, and nuanced flavors |
| AeroPress | Medium to Fine | 1-2 minutes | Smooth, rich, with unique flavor clarity |
Utilizing this comparison can help you select the brewing method that best aligns with the flavor profile you wish to explore in your freshly roasted coffee. Experimenting with grind size, brewing time, and techniques will allow for a deeper appreciation of the nuances present in each batch of home-roasted beans.
Troubleshooting Common Issues in Home Roasting
Home coffee roasting can be an immensely rewarding experience, yet it is not without its challenges. Understanding the common issues that can arise during the roasting process is essential for any home roaster aiming to perfect their craft. By identifying potential problems and their causes, one can apply effective solutions and adjustment techniques to enhance roasting outcomes, leading to a more satisfying brew.
Burnt or Charred Flavors
One of the most common issues home roasters face is the development of burnt or charred flavors in the coffee. This can occur due to excessive heat, long roasting times, or uneven heat distribution. Here are several strategies to mitigate this problem:
- Monitor roasting temperature closely, utilizing a thermometer to ensure it remains within the recommended range.
- Employ a more consistent heat source, such as a dedicated coffee roaster, to achieve even roasting.
- Adjust the roasting time based on the batch size; smaller batches may require shorter roasting durations.
Underdeveloped or Sour Tastes
Underdeveloped coffee, often characterized by sour or acidic tastes, can result from insufficient roasting time or low temperatures. To address this issue, consider the following adjustments:
- Increase the duration of the roast gradually to allow for full development of the beans.
- Ensure that the initial stages of roasting reach the appropriate temperature to facilitate proper chemical reactions.
- Experiment with different roasting profiles that extend the Maillard reaction phase, which enhances flavor complexity.
Uneven Roasting
Uneven roasting can lead to a mix of flavors within a single batch, resulting in an inconsistent cup. This can occur due to improper stirring, air circulation, or batch size. To enhance evenness, implement these practices:
- Stir the beans frequently during the roast to promote uniform heat exposure.
- Utilize a more suitable roasting vessel that allows for better air circulation around the beans.
- Stick to recommended batch sizes, as overcrowding can hinder even roasting.
Off-Tastes and Defects
Off-tastes detract from the overall quality of the coffee. Identifying their sources and applying corrective measures is crucial. Common off-tastes may stem from old beans, improper storage, or roasting irregularities. To refine flavors and eliminate defects, adhere to the following advice:
- Source high-quality, fresh green coffee beans from reputable suppliers, ensuring they are free from defects.
- Store green beans in a cool, dry place in airtight containers to prevent deterioration.
- Conduct cupping sessions to identify specific off-flavors, allowing you to refine your roasting techniques accordingly.
“Understanding the nuances of roasting can significantly improve the flavor profile of your coffee, turning each cup into a delightful experience.”
Community and Resources for Home Coffee Roasters
Connecting with fellow coffee enthusiasts and accessing valuable resources can significantly enhance your home roasting experience. By engaging in various communities and utilizing educational materials, home roasters can refine their skills, exchange ideas, and stay updated on the latest trends in coffee roasting.Participating in coffee roasting forums and groups fosters a sense of camaraderie among coffee lovers, allowing individuals to share insights, troubleshoot challenges, and celebrate successes together.
These platforms serve as crucial hubs for knowledge exchange and can be instrumental in overcoming common hurdles faced by novice and experienced roasters alike.
Significance of Coffee Roasting Forums and Groups
Joining coffee roasting forums and groups offers numerous benefits that can elevate your roasting journey. These communities provide a platform for sharing experiences and knowledge, which can lead to improved roasting techniques and a deeper understanding of coffee flavors.
- Networking Opportunities: Forums and groups connect you with fellow coffee enthusiasts, industry professionals, and seasoned roasters, providing invaluable networking opportunities.
- Access to Expertise: Engage with experts who can answer questions, offer advice, and share their personal insights on roasting methods and equipment.
- Supportive Environment: A community setting encourages learning and experimentation, allowing members to share both triumphs and challenges in a non-judgmental atmosphere.
- Resource Sharing: Members often share links to articles, videos, and tutorials, which can be instrumental in expanding your knowledge base.
Recommended Books, Websites, and Online Courses
Continuing education is essential for home coffee roasters seeking to enhance their skills and knowledge. A variety of resources available can provide insights ranging from basic roasting techniques to advanced flavor profiling.
- Books:
- The Coffee Roaster’s Companion by Scott Rao – A comprehensive guide to the science and art of coffee roasting.
- Websites:
- Home-Barista
-A community and resource for espresso enthusiasts and coffee aficionados. - Coffee Delicious
-A source for articles, tips, and reviews on coffee equipment and practices.
- Home-Barista
- Online Courses:
- Udemy – Home Coffee Roasting Course
-An engaging course covering various aspects of coffee roasting. - Coffee Forums – Educational Resources
-A platform for discussion and learning about all things coffee.
- Udemy – Home Coffee Roasting Course
Coffee Roasting Competitions and Events
Engagement in coffee roasting competitions and events can provide practical experience and a sense of community among fellow roasters. Participating in these events allows enthusiasts to showcase their skills, gain recognition, and learn from others.
- World Barista Championship: An international competition showcasing the skills of professional baristas, with categories for roasting and brewing.
- US Coffee Championships: A series of competitions across the United States, featuring multiple categories, including coffee roasting and brewing.
- Roast Magazine’s Coffee Roasting Championship: A competition dedicated to home and professional roasters to demonstrate their unique roasting profiles and techniques.
- Local Coffee Festivals: Many cities host annual coffee festivals that include roasting competitions, workshops, and tastings, providing a platform for local roasters to connect and compete.
Last Point
In conclusion, coffee roasting at home is not just a culinary endeavor; it is an exploration of taste, technique, and community. By mastering the art of roasting, you gain the ability to create a coffee experience that is uniquely yours, filled with rich flavors and delightful aromas. Whether you seek to refine your techniques or share your passion with others, the journey of home coffee roasting offers endless possibilities and the joy of discovery with every batch you create.
Detailed FAQs
What is the best method for beginners to start roasting coffee at home?
The best method for beginners is to use a popcorn popper, as it is affordable, easy to use, and can produce good results.
How long should I roast coffee beans?
The roasting time can vary, but typically it ranges from 8 to 15 minutes, depending on the desired roast level.
Can you reuse green coffee beans?
No, green coffee beans cannot be reused once roasted; they must be freshly roasted for optimal flavor.
How can I tell if my coffee beans are roasted properly?
You can monitor the roast by observing the color changes and listening for the first and second cracks, which indicate different roast levels.
What is the importance of resting time after roasting?
Resting time allows the flavors to develop and gases to escape, resulting in a smoother and more balanced cup of coffee.
What should I do if my roasted coffee tastes burnt?
If your coffee tastes burnt, you may need to adjust the roasting time or temperature, ensuring you monitor it closely during the process.
Where can I find high-quality green coffee beans?
High-quality green coffee beans can be found at specialty coffee shops, online retailers, and local roasteries.
